详解签名机制与商品数据结构解析：淘宝商品 API 接口开发调用实战

import requests
import time
import hashlib
import hmac
import urllib.parse
import json

class TaobaoAPI:
    def __init__(self, app_key, app_secret):
        self.app_key = app_key
        self.app_secret = app_secret
        self.base_url = "https://eco.taobao.com/router/rest"
    
    def generate_sign(self, params):
        """生成签名"""
        # 1. 按字典序排序参数
        sorted_params = sorted(params.items(), key=lambda x: x[0])
        
        # 2. 拼接参数
        query_string = "&".join([f"{k}={v}" for k, v in sorted_params])
        
        # 3. 拼接appsecret
        sign_string = f"{self.app_secret}{query_string}{self.app_secret}"
        
        # 4. 计算HMAC-SHA1签名
        sign = hmac.new(
            self.app_secret.encode("utf-8"),
            sign_string.encode("utf-8"),
            hashlib.sha1
        ).digest()
        
        # 5. Base64编码并URL编码
        return urllib.parse.quote(base64.b64encode(sign))
    
    def get_product_detail(self, num_iid):
        """获取商品详情"""
        # 公共参数
        params = {
            "method": "taobao.item.get",
            "app_key": self.app_key,
            "timestamp": time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"),
            "format": "json",
            "v": "2.0",
            "sign_method": "hmac-sha1",
            "fields": "num_iid,title,price,desc,pics,detail_url,item_img,prop_imgs,props_name,sku",
            "num_iid": num_iid
        }
        
        # 生成签名
        params["sign"] = self.generate_sign(params)
        
        # 发送请求
        response = requests.get(self.base_url, params=params)
        
        # 解析响应
        if response.status_code == 200:
            result = response.json()
            if "error_response" in result:
                print(f"API错误: {result['error_response']['msg']}")
                return None
            return self.parse_product_data(result["item_get_response"]["item"])
        else:
            print(f"请求失败: 状态码 {response.status_code}")
            return None
    
    def parse_product_data(self, product_data):
        """解析商品数据"""
        # 提取关键信息
        parsed = {
            "商品ID": product_data.get("num_iid"),
            "标题": product_data.get("title"),
            "价格": product_data.get("price"),
            "详情链接": product_data.get("detail_url"),
            "主图": product_data.get("item_img", [{}])[0].get("url", ""),
            "图片列表": [img.get("url") for img in product_data.get("pics", {}).get("pic", [])],
            "属性": self.parse_properties(product_data.get("props_name", "")),
            "SKU信息": self.parse_sku(product_data.get("sku", {}).get("sku", []))
        }
        return parsed
    
    def parse_properties(self, props_str):
        """解析商品属性"""
        if not props_str:
            return {}
            
        props = {}
        for prop in props_str.split(";"):
            if not prop:
                continue
            parts = prop.split(":")
            if len(parts) >= 3:
                props[parts[1]] = parts[2]
        return props
    
    def parse_sku(self, sku_list):
        """解析SKU信息"""
        if not sku_list:
            return []
            
        skus = []
        for sku in sku_list:
            skus.append({
                "SKU ID": sku.get("sku_id"),
                "属性组合": sku.get("properties_name"),
                "价格": sku.get("price"),
                "库存": sku.get("stock"),
                "图片": sku.get("image")
            })
        return skus

# 使用示例
if __name__ == "__main__":
    # 替换为你的app_key和app_secret
    APP_KEY = "your_app_key"
    APP_SECRET = "your_app_secret"
    
    # 初始化API客户端
    taobao_api = TaobaoAPI(APP_KEY, APP_SECRET)
    
    # 获取商品详情（以一个示例商品ID为例）
    product_id = "61234567890"  # 替换为实际商品ID
    product_detail = taobao_api.get_product_detail(product_id)
    
    if product_detail:
        print("商品详情:")
        print(json.dumps(product_detail, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2))